Clothing and Textiles · Lesson 12

Patchwork, appliqué, embroidery, soft toys, crochet, knitting, macramé, consumer rights, shopping and sources

WAECNECO

What the syllabus asks

WAEC: Creative fabric craft (patchwork, appliqué, hand and machine embroidery, soft toys, crocheting, knitting, macramé); Consumer education (consumer, rights, enforcers, principles of shopping, sources of clothing and textile products, budgeting and impulse buying).

NECO: Creative fabric craft (patchwork, appliqué, hand and machine embroidery, soft toys, crocheting, knitting, macramé); Consumer education (consumer, rights, enforcers, principles of shopping, sources of clothing and textile products, budgeting and impulse buying).

What you will learn

Explain the importance of creative fabric crafts.
Describe patchwork, appliqué and embroidery.
Make soft toys safely.
Describe crochet, knitting and gauge.
Describe macramé knots and cord estimates.
Explain consumer education, rights and responsibilities.
Name consumer protection agencies in Nigeria.
Apply principles of shopping and compare sources.

Key points

Creative crafts decorate, use scraps and earn income.
Patchwork: templates, 0.75 cm seams; quilting adds wadding.
Appliqué: turned edge, blanket, satin stitch, fused, reverse.
Embroidery: hand stitches, hoops, transfers; machine embroidery.
Soft toys: firm stuffing, ladder stitch, child safety.
Crochet hook, knitting needles; gauge controls size.
Macramé knots: lark’s head, square, half hitch.
Consumer rights and responsibilities.
FCCPC, SON, NAFDAC protect consumers.
Plan, compare, check quality; choose sources wisely.

Start here: Creative fabric crafts: meaning and importance

Creative fabric crafts are decorative and useful articles made with fabric, yarn and thread using techniques such as patchwork, appliqué, embroidery, soft toys, crochet, knitting and macramé. They develop creativity and fine motor skills and are a source of income.

Importance

Decorate garments and household articles (cushions, bedspreads, wall hangings).
Make use of scraps and waste fabric (economy and environment).
Provide gifts and souvenirs.
Provide self-employment: crocheted caps, embroidered kaftans, soft toys, bags.
Preserve cultural designs (adire motifs in appliqué; Hausa embroidery).
Provide relaxation and therapy.
Develop patience, concentration and design skills.

General rules for craft work

Plan the design on paper first, considering elements and principles of design.
Choose materials suitable for the article’s use and care (washable for cushions).
Pre-shrink cotton fabrics and test colour fastness.
Work neatly; finish edges; press appropriately.
Cost materials and time if the article is for sale.

Choosing a craft for an article

Article	Suitable craft
Bedspread, quilt	Patchwork, quilting
Child’s dress, apron	Appliqué, embroidery
Cushion cover	Patchwork, appliqué, embroidery
Cap, baby bootees	Crochet, knitting
Plant hanger, wall hanging, bag	Macramé
Child’s gift	Soft toy

Tools and materials for crafts

Most crafts need only basic sewing tools plus a few specials: rotary cutter, mat and ruler for patchwork; embroidery hoop and crewel needles; crochet hooks (2 to 6 mm) and knitting needles (sizes in mm); macramé board, pins and rings; templates of card or plastic; fusible web; polyester fibre fill. Keep materials sorted by colour in labelled boxes so that offcuts are easy to find.

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Practice questions

1. Patchwork is

joining small pieces of fabric edge to edge
stitching motifs onto a background
knotting cords
looping yarn with a hook

Show answer

A: joining small pieces of fabric edge to edge
Pieced work.

2. Appliqué is

weaving strips
dyeing with wax
knitting
applying shapes of fabric onto a background

Show answer

D: applying shapes of fabric onto a background
Applied work.

3. Macramé is done by

crocheting
painting fabric
knotting cords
weaving on a loom

Show answer

C: knotting cords
Knot craft.

4. Patchwork squares finishing 10 cm with 0.75 cm seams are cut

12 cm
11.5 cm
10.75 cm
11 cm

Show answer

B: 11.5 cm
10 + 2 × 0.75.

5. An 80 cm hanger using cords 4 × the finished length needs cords of

3.2 m
0.8 m
2.4 m
4.0 m

Show answer

A: 3.2 m
4 × 80 cm.

Key words

Patchwork: Fabric pieces joined edge to edge.
Quilting: Stitching through three layers.
Wadding: Soft filling layer.
Appliqué: Shapes applied to background.
Template: Pattern shape for cutting pieces.
Ladder stitch: Invisible closing stitch.
Gauge: Stitches and rows per 10 cm.
Crochet: Loops made with a hook.
Macramé: Decorative knotting.
Square knot: Two opposite half knots.
Lark’s head: Knot for mounting cords.
Consumer: Buyer or user of goods.

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